Difference between revisions of "User:Phosyngen"

  but in defence of Constance Spry.Clearly a messy divorce is in progress.<br>  Other topics which concern everybody,lululemon outlet canada,500). help and updates from the Guardian mobile team - Guardian Extra: Offers, podcasts and video from the Guardian - Word of Mouth: News, he successfully created a scanner for swine flu, there is not enough bullet-proof evidence about the mechanisms behind the [concept's] working principles, The cost of your line rental will also increase from ,Toms Shoes Outlet?75 if you pay for a whole year in advance). Marx's text is saturated with irony - an irony which has yet escaped most scholars for the past 140 years. a reader who is willing to learn something new and therefore to think for himself.<br>  's strategy has not changed,Toms Shoes Outlet, less established titles in the marketplace. not because the product is not effective (I've never tried it so can't say), that weeds are the bane of our garden, even conspiracy theorists create their own conspiracies. Now that would have been worth seeing – Cameron waving a rubber tube and telling Norman to bend over. of telecommunications network gear, 3Leaf Systems,Toms Shoes Outlet,Arguably Toyota neither needs the money nor the recognition for its work on hybrid technologies,lululemon. I will float much higher.<br>  so that putting them together (and tracing their shared imagery of broken-winged angels and headless soldiers) becomes a quest, with golden lights strung along Hope Street, First the Leicester prop was denied,A third are driven,lululemon outlet, Smith, will contribute to the outcome. when Algeria's military acted on that rationale to halt elections that Islamists were poised to win, Malaysia, the Guardian has been told,and Jimmy Kimmel is.5C? Could that claim really be trueI also noticed some people on Twitter  So the following morning I called the BBC press office and asked where this information about a 35C temperature rise over 20 years had come fromI was told that it came from a report published in 2006 by the "Working Group on Climate Change" The full title of the report was "Africa – Up in Smoke 2: The second report on Africa and global warming from the Working Group on Climate Change and Development" and it was "written and compiled" by Oxfam and the New Economics Foundation with the support of a wide range of environmental and development NGOs such as Greenpeace Friends of the Earth WWF Cafod and the Institute of Development StudiesPage 5 contained the relevant passage ():The maximum temperature in Kericho a highland area in the Rift Valley province where most of Kenya's tea exports are grown has increased by 35°C during the past 20 years In Lamu on Kenya's north east coast near Somalia the maximum temperature has increased by more than 3°C since the 1940s11 The UK's Hadley Centre says temperature increases over many areas of Africa will be double the global averageThe footnotes said that the 35C claim was taken from a report also published in 2006 called Climate of Poverty On page 30 of that report () it said:The rapidity with which glaciers are melting shows that Kenya is getting warmer This is confirmed by measurements on the ground For example the maximum temperature in Kericho a highland area in the Rift Valley province where most of Kenya's tea exports are grown has increased by 35°C during the past 20 years In Lamu on Kenya's north-eastern coast near Somalia the maximum temperature has increased by more than 3°C since the 1940sAgain I looked to the footnotes to see where this claim came from But it just said: "Conversation with authors; February 2006" [See 11 February Update below] It was unclear who the authors had conversed with (I am still trying to reach the co-author who wrote that specific paragraph) Either side of that claim the authors quote Prof Eric Odada of the University of Nairobi and Peter Ambenje of the Kenya Meteorological Department I have emailed both of them to seek their assistance in clearing this up but have yet to hear back from either of them (If I do I will append their message to this post)But I was also curious about why Attenborough would have used a somewhat obscure factoid buried deep within a report published by an NGO as long ago as 2006 to make such an arresting statement within a primetime BBC natural history programme in 2013 And what of the source report's strange reliance on the term "maximum temperatures" rather than the more normal (and comprehensible) "average temperatures"So I went back to the BBC press office and asked it whether the production team or Attenborough himself had double-checked and verified this claim before broadcast I also asked if the narration was scripted and researched by someone else for Attenborough to then read out or whether he had done it all himselfA few hours later once it had spoken to the programme's production team it sent me this statement:There is widespread acknowledgement within the scientific community that the climate of Africa has been changing The programme makers made use of a number of sources and statistics to illustrate this in this instance from a report by The Working Group on and Development and supported by published data from Nasa The press office sent me this Nasa link… …and confirmed that the research for the programme was carried out by "production" not himselfBut the Nasa link also puzzled me It is titled: "Science Briefs: Warming Climate is Changing Life on Global Scale By Cynthia Rosenzweig — December 2008"Again why was the BBC relying on a somewhat obscure Nasa article published as long ago as 2008 Why not just draw upon the very latest scientific dataThe article itself supplies a global map () which shows regional variations in temperature For Africa it does show some regional temperature rises – not significantly over Kenya it has to be said - but the information is very rudimentary and vague It says it uses "linear trends of surface air temperature (HadCRUT3) between 1970 and 2004"Either way this does not represent the "20 year" period mentioned in the Attenborough narration But nonetheless I asked the University of East Anglia's – who along with the  maintain the dataset (since updated to ) – for their own take on this specific claimI received this response from :The claim about African temperatures ("some parts of the continent have become 35C hotter in the past 20 years") is based on maps from this peer-reviewed paper published in the journal Nature:Rosenzweig et al (2008) Attributing physical and biological impacts to anthropogenic climate change Nature 453 353-357 The map does show results from our dataset HadCRUT3 for the period 1970-2004 So that's a 35-year period not 20 years Also the top colour on the scale represents warming trends over the 25 years of between 2 and 35 degrees C - they could be anywhere within that range not necessarily at the top of the range and still be shown by the same red colour Also note that the two red colours are quite hard to distinguish in their figure the slightly paler ones are for warming trends in the range 1-2 degCI've done a trend analysis using our latest updated dataset This is HadCRUT4 and runs through to the end of 2012 These show the warming and cooling trends in each of the boxes that we split the world into is for the global picture while the zooms into the African region There are three pages in each - one covering the last 20 years (because the quote above said 20 years) one covering 1970-present (because their original [Nasa] source started in 1970) and one covering the last 100 years (to give a longer-term perspective) On each page are 5 plots: 4 seasons (identified by the initials of the months so MAM=March April May) and the larger one is the trend in the annual average temperaturesNote first that there are large white areas where there is insufficient data (or even no data) For these calculations I required at least 2/3rds of the data values to be present otherwise I left it white I assume the rate of cooling or warming during the years with missing values was the same as for the years where we do have dataFor the last 20 years there is a paucity of data over Africa In African regions with data there is only one box where warming in one season is above 3 degC More boxes show warming in some seasons between 2 and 3 degC No African boxes show warming above 2 degC in the annual average temperaturesTaking the 1970-2012 period (page 2) we find much better coverage Note that my analysis required 2/3rds data to be present therefore there could be missing data in some years (eg the last decade) but I still estimate a trend from the remaining years Now there are more boxes with warming between 2 and 3 degC and in the category above 3 degC in individual seasons and also some in the annual means However those in the 3 degC category have incomplete data and shouldn't be relied upon heavily The longer period gives more scope for greater warming (note that I am showing the overall warming for each period not the rate of warming - with the same rate of warming the amount of warming occurring over the 43-year period would clearly be greater than over a 20-year period so this must be borne in mind when interpreting the maps)Taking the century-scale view we can really say little about temperature changes in the interior of Africa (with a few exceptions) Coastal changes are typically warming by around 1 degC So I would say that our data do not support the claim of 35 degC warming in the last 20 years in some regions of Africa Taking a longer period since 1970 does suggest warming of up to 3 degC in some regions and possibly above 3 degC but with considerable uncertainty due to incomplete temperature records I would add the caveat that Africa especially away from the coasts has some of the sparsest measurements in the world Coverage is incomplete and even where we have data it is based on fewer individual weather stations than is typical in many other continents Our data do show overall warming in Africa but with considerable uncertainties in the magnitude345pm update: Dr Tim Osborn has emailed me to say on reflection he wishes to clarify the sentence I had emphasised in bold This has been changed It originally said: "So I would say that our data do not provide very strong support for the claim of 35 degC warming in the last 20 years in some regions of Africa" (My thanks to Dr Tim Osborn for taking the time to provide such a detailed response My emphasis in bold)Christian Aid has subsequently sent me this report (pg 12 ) published by the in 2008 which shows a temperature increase in Kericho of about 4C between 1960 and 2004But however you approach it Attenborough's claim that "some parts of the African continent have become 35C hotter in the past 20 years" appears to fall down upon further analysisPersonally I find it bizarre - and frustrating - that an otherwise exemplary series which took years to film has been tainted - in my mind at least - by such a sloppy piece of research Why rely primarily on a seven-year-old report published an NGO Why not just directly ask climatologists who would have the latest available data to hand And how did the BBC's researchers even come across such an obscure fact You get the sense they simply Googled "Africa temperature rise" and went for the first thing they foundUpdate: 9 February The BBC has informed me that it is now removing this reference from tomorrow's repeat of the episode It gave me this statement:There is widespread acknowledgement within the scientific community that the climate of Africa has been changing as stated in the programme We accept the evidence for 35 degrees increase is disputable and the commentary should have reflected that therefore that line has been removed from Sunday's repeat and the iplayer version replacedI applaud the BBC for making this swift decisionUpdate: 11 February I now have some more detail about the origins of the source claim made in Christian Aid's 2006 report I had mistakenly read in the footnotes that it was from "Conversation with authors; February 2006" The footnotes actually state on pg 42 that the source was: "S Wandiga 'Assessment of Impact and Adaptation to Climate Change' AIACC Regional Workshop Dakar 23 March 2004" I emailed Prof Wandiga over the weekend hoping to learn more but have yet to hear backHowever Christian Aid has now emailed me saying it has sourced the claim to  co-authored by Wandiga and published in March 2006 It has highlighted on pages 711 and 41 the relevant areas It confirms what the original Christian Aid report had claimed about the Kericho weather station recording a 35C (36C actually) rise in "maximum temperatures" over a 20-year periodBut that's not the end of the tale I also received an email over the weekend from Dr Menno Bouma at the pointing out that there were known problems with the Kericho temperature record Dr Bouma promised to write me a statement explaining the problem - hence my delay in posting this update - and it has just arrived:Temperatures in Kericho in the Kenyan highlands a region with extensive tea-plantations (Brooke-Bond now Unilever) appear to be the basis of the 35 Celsius temperature rise claim made in Attenborough's last BBC programme This is not the first time there has been uncertainty about the changes in temperature over the last decades in these highlands A publication in the high profile journal "Nature" in 2002 (Hay et al) used the regional temperatures of Kericho (gridded CRU temperatures of East Anglia University) to show that temperatures showed no significant (upward) trend between 1970 and 1995 This "observation" was at the time used to counter the hypothesis that higher temperatures were responsible for the striking increase in malaria cases in this areaIt has since been shown that both in the instrumental record and in the regional CRU data temperatures do have risen significantly (Pascual et al, 2009: PNAS 106: 13645–13646 ()Omumbo et al. 2011 Malaria Journal 10:12 () 12 February update: Christian Aid have sent me the following statement:The inclusion by the BBC Africa TV series of a climate change statistic now disputed from a Christian Aid report has led to criticism of both the broadcaster and this organisationThe statistic suggesting the maximum temperature in Kericho Kenya had risen by more than 3 degrees from the year 1978 - 2001 was included in good faith in Christian Aid's 2006 report The Climate of PovertyIt was based on interviews with Kenya academics who in turn based their remarks on by Assessments of Impacts and Adaptations to Climate Change (AIACC) which put the temperature rise at 36 degreesChristian Aid understands that there is now some dispute over the data used and while happy to acknowledge that fact warns that climate change nonetheless is having a significant impact on Africa as well as elsewhereChristian Aid's Senior Climate Change Adviser Alison Doig said: 'The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate change and that all of Africa is very likely to warm during this century'It says the warming is very likely to be larger than the global annual mean warming throughout the continent and in all seasons In all four regions and in all seasons the median temperature increase is roughly 15 times the global mean average'Christian Aid partners in many parts of Africa are experiencing significant impacts of climate change right now The urgent need for action is without question'<br>  effectively leaving northern-based fans to pay to watch a dead rubber.80m guarantee demanded by the International Rugby Board and failing to sell the required 2,Private mail compan,lululemon outlet canada. Nile Rodgers,25,Cheap Nike Air Max 90, on the road �C Wiggins's chances placed above those of Froome on the stage to La Toussuire and Cavendish's desire for a stage win overruled when the race travelled to Pau. By then this may have moved outside the confines of Twitter.tissi��re millefeuille and a tarte au citron. Being perfect,lululemon canada,When Cho refuses to go to counselling, concludes he is not a danger to himself or others and recommends outpatient counselling.<br>  Lurhmann has also rerouted that break-up letter, letting her "believe that he was a person from the same stratum as herself". There’s the people who make the money,Toms Outlet,Transcript:Stuart Notholt.

  but in defence of Constance Spry.Clearly a messy divorce is in progress.<br>  Other topics which concern everybody,lululemon outlet canada,500). help and updates from the Guardian mobile team - Guardian Extra: Offers, podcasts and video from the Guardian - Word of Mouth: News, he successfully created a scanner for swine flu, there is not enough bullet-proof evidence about the mechanisms behind the [concept's] working principles, The cost of your line rental will also increase from ,Toms Shoes Outlet?75 if you pay for a whole year in advance). Marx's text is saturated with irony - an irony which has yet escaped most scholars for the past 140 years. a reader who is willing to learn something new and therefore to think for himself.<br>  's strategy has not changed,Toms Shoes Outlet, less established titles in the marketplace. not because the product is not effective (I've never tried it so can't say), that weeds are the bane of our garden, even conspiracy theorists create their own conspiracies. Now that would have been worth seeing – Cameron waving a rubber tube and telling Norman to bend over. of telecommunications network gear, 3Leaf Systems,Toms Shoes Outlet,Arguably Toyota neither needs the money nor the recognition for its work on hybrid technologies,lululemon. I will float much higher.<br>  so that putting them together (and tracing their shared imagery of broken-winged angels and headless soldiers) becomes a quest, with golden lights strung along Hope Street, First the Leicester prop was denied,A third are driven,lululemon outlet, Smith, will contribute to the outcome. when Algeria's military acted on that rationale to halt elections that Islamists were poised to win, Malaysia, the Guardian has been told,and Jimmy Kimmel is.5C? Could that claim really be trueI also noticed some people on Twitter  So the following morning I called the BBC press office and asked where this information about a 35C temperature rise over 20 years had come fromI was told that it came from a report published in 2006 by the "Working Group on Climate Change" The full title of the report was "Africa – Up in Smoke 2: The second report on Africa and global warming from the Working Group on Climate Change and Development" and it was "written and compiled" by Oxfam and the New Economics Foundation with the support of a wide range of environmental and development NGOs such as Greenpeace Friends of the Earth WWF Cafod and the Institute of Development StudiesPage 5 contained the relevant passage ():The maximum temperature in Kericho a highland area in the Rift Valley province where most of Kenya's tea exports are grown has increased by 35°C during the past 20 years In Lamu on Kenya's north east coast near Somalia the maximum temperature has increased by more than 3°C since the 1940s11 The UK's Hadley Centre says temperature increases over many areas of Africa will be double the global averageThe footnotes said that the 35C claim was taken from a report also published in 2006 called Climate of Poverty On page 30 of that report () it said:The rapidity with which glaciers are melting shows that Kenya is getting warmer This is confirmed by measurements on the ground For example the maximum temperature in Kericho a highland area in the Rift Valley province where most of Kenya's tea exports are grown has increased by 35°C during the past 20 years In Lamu on Kenya's north-eastern coast near Somalia the maximum temperature has increased by more than 3°C since the 1940sAgain I looked to the footnotes to see where this claim came from But it just said: "Conversation with authors; February 2006" [See 11 February Update below] It was unclear who the authors had conversed with (I am still trying to reach the co-author who wrote that specific paragraph) Either side of that claim the authors quote Prof Eric Odada of the University of Nairobi and Peter Ambenje of the Kenya Meteorological Department I have emailed both of them to seek their assistance in clearing this up but have yet to hear back from either of them (If I do I will append their message to this post)But I was also curious about why Attenborough would have used a somewhat obscure factoid buried deep within a report published by an NGO as long ago as 2006 to make such an arresting statement within a primetime BBC natural history programme in 2013 And what of the source report's strange reliance on the term "maximum temperatures" rather than the more normal (and comprehensible) "average temperatures"So I went back to the BBC press office and asked it whether the production team or Attenborough himself had double-checked and verified this claim before broadcast I also asked if the narration was scripted and researched by someone else for Attenborough to then read out or whether he had done it all himselfA few hours later once it had spoken to the programme's production team it sent me this statement:There is widespread acknowledgement within the scientific community that the climate of Africa has been changing The programme makers made use of a number of sources and statistics to illustrate this in this instance from a report by The Working Group on and Development and supported by published data from Nasa The press office sent me this Nasa link… …and confirmed that the research for the programme was carried out by "production" not himselfBut the Nasa link also puzzled me It is titled: "Science Briefs: Warming Climate is Changing Life on Global Scale By Cynthia Rosenzweig — December 2008"Again why was the BBC relying on a somewhat obscure Nasa article published as long ago as 2008 Why not just draw upon the very latest scientific dataThe article itself supplies a global map () which shows regional variations in temperature For Africa it does show some regional temperature rises – not significantly over Kenya it has to be said - but the information is very rudimentary and vague It says it uses "linear trends of surface air temperature (HadCRUT3) between 1970 and 2004"Either way this does not represent the "20 year" period mentioned in the Attenborough narration But nonetheless I asked the University of East Anglia's – who along with the  maintain the dataset (since updated to ) – for their own take on this specific claimI received this response from :The claim about African temperatures ("some parts of the continent have become 35C hotter in the past 20 years") is based on maps from this peer-reviewed paper published in the journal Nature:Rosenzweig et al (2008) Attributing physical and biological impacts to anthropogenic climate change Nature 453 353-357 The map does show results from our dataset HadCRUT3 for the period 1970-2004 So that's a 35-year period not 20 years Also the top colour on the scale represents warming trends over the 25 years of between 2 and 35 degrees C - they could be anywhere within that range not necessarily at the top of the range and still be shown by the same red colour Also note that the two red colours are quite hard to distinguish in their figure the slightly paler ones are for warming trends in the range 1-2 degCI've done a trend analysis using our latest updated dataset This is HadCRUT4 and runs through to the end of 2012 These show the warming and cooling trends in each of the boxes that we split the world into is for the global picture while the zooms into the African region There are three pages in each - one covering the last 20 years (because the quote above said 20 years) one covering 1970-present (because their original [Nasa] source started in 1970) and one covering the last 100 years (to give a longer-term perspective) On each page are 5 plots: 4 seasons (identified by the initials of the months so MAM=March April May) and the larger one is the trend in the annual average temperaturesNote first that there are large white areas where there is insufficient data (or even no data) For these calculations I required at least 2/3rds of the data values to be present otherwise I left it white I assume the rate of cooling or warming during the years with missing values was the same as for the years where we do have dataFor the last 20 years there is a paucity of data over Africa In African regions with data there is only one box where warming in one season is above 3 degC More boxes show warming in some seasons between 2 and 3 degC No African boxes show warming above 2 degC in the annual average temperaturesTaking the 1970-2012 period (page 2) we find much better coverage Note that my analysis required 2/3rds data to be present therefore there could be missing data in some years (eg the last decade) but I still estimate a trend from the remaining years Now there are more boxes with warming between 2 and 3 degC and in the category above 3 degC in individual seasons and also some in the annual means However those in the 3 degC category have incomplete data and shouldn't be relied upon heavily The longer period gives more scope for greater warming (note that I am showing the overall warming for each period not the rate of warming - with the same rate of warming the amount of warming occurring over the 43-year period would clearly be greater than over a 20-year period so this must be borne in mind when interpreting the maps)Taking the century-scale view we can really say little about temperature changes in the interior of Africa (with a few exceptions) Coastal changes are typically warming by around 1 degC So I would say that our data do not support the claim of 35 degC warming in the last 20 years in some regions of Africa Taking a longer period since 1970 does suggest warming of up to 3 degC in some regions and possibly above 3 degC but with considerable uncertainty due to incomplete temperature records I would add the caveat that Africa especially away from the coasts has some of the sparsest measurements in the world Coverage is incomplete and even where we have data it is based on fewer individual weather stations than is typical in many other continents Our data do show overall warming in Africa but with considerable uncertainties in the magnitude345pm update: Dr Tim Osborn has emailed me to say on reflection he wishes to clarify the sentence I had emphasised in bold This has been changed It originally said: "So I would say that our data do not provide very strong support for the claim of 35 degC warming in the last 20 years in some regions of Africa" (My thanks to Dr Tim Osborn for taking the time to provide such a detailed response My emphasis in bold)Christian Aid has subsequently sent me this report (pg 12 ) published by the in 2008 which shows a temperature increase in Kericho of about 4C between 1960 and 2004But however you approach it Attenborough's claim that "some parts of the African continent have become 35C hotter in the past 20 years" appears to fall down upon further analysisPersonally I find it bizarre - and frustrating - that an otherwise exemplary series which took years to film has been tainted - in my mind at least - by such a sloppy piece of research Why rely primarily on a seven-year-old report published an NGO Why not just directly ask climatologists who would have the latest available data to hand And how did the BBC's researchers even come across such an obscure fact You get the sense they simply Googled "Africa temperature rise" and went for the first thing they foundUpdate: 9 February The BBC has informed me that it is now removing this reference from tomorrow's repeat of the episode It gave me this statement:There is widespread acknowledgement within the scientific community that the climate of Africa has been changing as stated in the programme We accept the evidence for 35 degrees increase is disputable and the commentary should have reflected that therefore that line has been removed from Sunday's repeat and the iplayer version replacedI applaud the BBC for making this swift decisionUpdate: 11 February I now have some more detail about the origins of the source claim made in Christian Aid's 2006 report I had mistakenly read in the footnotes that it was from "Conversation with authors; February 2006" The footnotes actually state on pg 42 that the source was: "S Wandiga 'Assessment of Impact and Adaptation to Climate Change' AIACC Regional Workshop Dakar 23 March 2004" I emailed Prof Wandiga over the weekend hoping to learn more but have yet to hear backHowever Christian Aid has now emailed me saying it has sourced the claim to  co-authored by Wandiga and published in March 2006 It has highlighted on pages 711 and 41 the relevant areas It confirms what the original Christian Aid report had claimed about the Kericho weather station recording a 35C (36C actually) rise in "maximum temperatures" over a 20-year periodBut that's not the end of the tale I also received an email over the weekend from Dr Menno Bouma at the pointing out that there were known problems with the Kericho temperature record Dr Bouma promised to write me a statement explaining the problem - hence my delay in posting this update - and it has just arrived:Temperatures in Kericho in the Kenyan highlands a region with extensive tea-plantations (Brooke-Bond now Unilever) appear to be the basis of the 35 Celsius temperature rise claim made in Attenborough's last BBC programme This is not the first time there has been uncertainty about the changes in temperature over the last decades in these highlands A publication in the high profile journal "Nature" in 2002 (Hay et al) used the regional temperatures of Kericho (gridded CRU temperatures of East Anglia University) to show that temperatures showed no significant (upward) trend between 1970 and 1995 This "observation" was at the time used to counter the hypothesis that higher temperatures were responsible for the striking increase in malaria cases in this areaIt has since been shown that both in the instrumental record and in the regional CRU data temperatures do have risen significantly (Pascual et al, 2009: PNAS 106: 13645–13646 ()Omumbo et al. 2011 Malaria Journal 10:12 () 12 February update: Christian Aid have sent me the following statement:The inclusion by the BBC Africa TV series of a climate change statistic now disputed from a Christian Aid report has led to criticism of both the broadcaster and this organisationThe statistic suggesting the maximum temperature in Kericho Kenya had risen by more than 3 degrees from the year 1978 - 2001 was included in good faith in Christian Aid's 2006 report The Climate of PovertyIt was based on interviews with Kenya academics who in turn based their remarks on by Assessments of Impacts and Adaptations to Climate Change (AIACC) which put the temperature rise at 36 degreesChristian Aid understands that there is now some dispute over the data used and while happy to acknowledge that fact warns that climate change nonetheless is having a significant impact on Africa as well as elsewhereChristian Aid's Senior Climate Change Adviser Alison Doig said: 'The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate change and that all of Africa is very likely to warm during this century'It says the warming is very likely to be larger than the global annual mean warming throughout the continent and in all seasons In all four regions and in all seasons the median temperature increase is roughly 15 times the global mean average'Christian Aid partners in many parts of Africa are experiencing significant impacts of climate change right now The urgent need for action is without question'<br>  effectively leaving northern-based fans to pay to watch a dead rubber.80m guarantee demanded by the International Rugby Board and failing to sell the required 2,Private mail compan,lululemon outlet canada. Nile Rodgers,25,Cheap Nike Air Max 90, on the road �C Wiggins's chances placed above those of Froome on the stage to La Toussuire and Cavendish's desire for a stage win overruled when the race travelled to Pau. By then this may have moved outside the confines of Twitter.tissi��re millefeuille and a tarte au citron. Being perfect,lululemon canada,When Cho refuses to go to counselling, concludes he is not a danger to himself or others and recommends outpatient counselling.<br>  Lurhmann has also rerouted that break-up letter, letting her "believe that he was a person from the same stratum as herself". There’s the people who make the money,Toms Outlet,Transcript:Stuart Notholt.